VinBrain Case Study: AI Assists in Follow-up of Pneumothorax Patients

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VinBrain Case Study: AI Assists in Follow-up of Pneumothroax Patients

Introduction

To prevent quick progression of small pneumothorax to a large-size pneumothorax, chest x-rays must be repeated within 3-6 hours after admission for patients on observation. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax must be considered during this period. Imaging evaluation should be done within 12-48 hours after discharge. Admission observation is recommended for patients without reliable follow-ups to prevent the condition from worsening.

Clinical Case

  • A 20-year-old male presented with a stab wound to the left hemithorax, and crepitus of the chest was detected upon physical examination.
  • Image findings:
    • Chest radiograph revealed a left pneumothorax, marked by the visible left pleural edge
    • No shift of the mediastinum
    • Extensive subcutaneous emphysema over the left chest wall
Figure 1: Original X-ray image (Day 1)
Figure 2: DrAid for Pneumothorax outlines the suspect area (Day 1) The 2nd-day follow-up radiograph still shows a left pneumothorax, marked by the visible left pleural edge. Subcutaneous emphysema on the left chest wall is also still visible.
Figure 3: Original X-ray image (Day 2)
Figure 4: Original X-ray image (Day 4)
Figure 5: DrAid for Pneumothorax outlines the suspect area (Day 2) The 4th-day follow-up radiograph no longer shows the left pneumothorax, and the pleural edge is no longer seen. Subcutaneous emphysema on the left chest wall is still visible but is smaller when compared to previous images.
Figure 6: DrAid for Pneumothorax side-by-side comparison of the 2nd and 4th-day images.

Conclusion

DrAid for Pneumothorax helps to compare side-by-side images for follow-up in pneumothorax patients. This aided reading allows doctors to create a suitable treatment plan for the patient.

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